Noken
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N5 · Lesson 22

Clauses that describe nouns

Modify a noun with a whole clause: "the person who…", "the cake that… made".

Grammar

The clause that modifies the noun

S (plain form) + N

A whole clause can go in front of a noun to describe it, always in the plain form: ミラーさんが んでいる (the house Mr. Miller lives in), (the people going to Kyoto). The subject inside the clause is marked with が.

Examples

  • This is the cake my mother made.

  • Who is the person wearing glasses?

V (dict.)

V (dictionary form) +

The same pattern works with abstract nouns: ごはんを べる が ありません (I have no time to eat breakfast), が あります.

Examples

  • I have no time to read the newspaper.

V ましょうか — deciding together

V ましょうか

Here ましょうか suggests settling something between the two of you: ごろ きましょうか (about what time shall we go?).

Examples

  • Where shall we meet? …Let's meet at the station.

Vocabulary

WordReadingMeaning
to put on (a shirt, etc.)
to put on (shoes, trousers)
to put on (a hat)
to put on [glasses]
to put on [a tie]
to be born
we
coat
jumper, sweater
suit
hat, cap
glasses
cake
boxed lunch
robot
mood
convenience
often
well, let's see
congratulations!
what kind of ~ are you looking for?
well then
this (polite form of これ)
rent (amount)
kitchen-diner
Japanese-style room
Japanese closet for futons
futon
Paris
the Great Wall

See this lesson's vocabulary →

See also