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N5 · Lesson 6

Eating, drinking and making plans

Transitive verbs with the particle を, the place of the action with で, and invitations with 〜ませんか and 〜ましょう.

Grammar

N を V — the direct object

N を V (transitive)

The particle を marks the direct object of a transitive verb: ジュースを みます (I drink juice).

Examples

  • I eat bread.

  • I take photos.

N を します — "to do / to play"

N を します

します with を covers many activities: sports (サッカーを します), tasks (を します) or meetings. Its meaning depends on the noun.

Examples

  • I play tennis.

  • I do my homework.

を しますか — "what do you do?"

を しますか

It asks about the activity. It can be combined with time and place: を しますか.

Examples

  • What are you doing on Monday? …I'm going to Tokyo.

なん and なに — two readings of 何

何 is read なん before です, before words starting with t/d/n, and when counting ( ). Otherwise it is read なに: いますか.

Examples

  • What is that?

  • What are you going to buy?

N (place) で V — the place of the action

place で V

で marks the place where an action happens (unlike へ, which marks direction): ごはんを べます.

Examples

  • I buy the newspaper at the station.

V ませんか — inviting

V ませんか

The negative form with か is a gentle invitation: いっしょに きませんか (won't you come along?). It is politer than asking directly with ますか because it takes the listener's wishes into account.

Examples

  • Shall we have a beer together? …Yes, good idea.

V ましょう — "let's"

V ましょう

It proposes doing something together, assuming the listener will agree, or accepts an invitation: ロビーで いましょう.

Examples

  • Let's meet at ten at the station.

〜か — picking up a topic

S か

か at the end also confirms that you have understood a suggestion before answering: お ですか。いいですね。

Examples

  • Shall we go and see the cherry blossom? …Cherry blossom? What a good idea!

Vocabulary

WordReadingMeaning
to eat
to drink
to smoke [a cigarette]
to see, to watch
to hear, to listen
to read
to write
to buy
to take [photos]
to do, to make
to see, to meet [friends]
meal, cooked rice
breakfast
lunch
dinner
bread
egg
meat
fish
vegetables
fruit
water
tea, green tea
black tea
milk
juice
beer
alcoholic drink, sake
cigarette
letter, mail
report
photograph
video
shop, business
garden
homework
tennis
football
to go cherry-blossom viewing
what
together
a little
always, usually
sometimes, now and then
and then
yes
that's a good idea
understood, very well
yes? / how can I help you?
see you tomorrow, then
Mexico

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See also